This Biology Practice Test is comprised of 50 random questions from General Biology. It is comprised of questions from topics such as Cell/Cell Cycle/Cell Transport System; Energy Transformation; Organismal Biology; Genetics; and Evolution. Please read the questions carefully and choose the correct answer from the choices below. The correct answer will be marked green; otherwise, it will be marked red. Good luck!
Imarie uses a microscope to study different prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Which of the following statements describes how the prokaryotic cells appear compared to the eukaryotic cells?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the energy source used in primary vs. secondary active transport?
Even though humans are approximately 99.9 % 99.9%99, point, 9, percent identical in their genetic makeup, an incredible amount of variation is seen among individuals of the species. This genetic variation is greatly influenced by the process of meiosis. Of the following events that occur during meiosis, which contributes most to genetic diversity in the human population?
Fill in the blanks: Proteins are made of different ____________ which are arranged in different orders, or _________________.
A student is examining a whitefish blastula cell under a microscope. Based on his observations, the student proposes that the whitefish blastula cell is in interphase. Which of the following pieces of evidence would best support the student’s claim?
The Calvin cycle is considered light-independent because it can occur in darkness. However, most often the Calvin cycle takes place in sunlight. Which of the following likely explains why?
Tahira placed a collection of red blood cells into a container filled with an unknown solution. Once in the container, Tahira noticed that the red blood cells swelled and some of them burst. What type of solution were the red blood cells placed in?
A botanist is studying the genetics of a particular species of plant. She knows that one plant may contain hundreds of individual seeds, each of which is the result of a separate fertilization event. She determines that seed color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. The dominant allele results in black seeds, and the recessive allele results in brown seeds.
In a follow-up experiment, the botanist crosses a homozygous dominant plant with a heterozygous plant.
Which of the following is the best prediction for the frequency of brown seeds that would result from this cross?
In a follow-up experiment, the botanist crosses a homozygous dominant plant with a heterozygous plant.
Which of the following is the best prediction for the frequency of brown seeds that would result from this cross?
In natural selection, one variation which is present in ALL members of a population is a called a -
The human body has 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a somatic cell have?
Which of the following substances is unable to diffuse across the plasma membrane?
Amoeba proteus is a species of amoeba that gets its energy by engulfing small, unicellular organisms with its membrane. It then digests these organisms using internal vesicles. What is the name of the process used by Amoeba proteus to get its energy?
Which of the following is true regarding carrier protein transport?
The fossil of Archaeopteryx represents the evidence of origin of:
Which of the following best describes a difference between artificial and natural selection?
During the cell-mediated immune response, killer T-cells target and kill infected cells. This process is shown in the image below. During an experiment, researchers introduced a substance that caused the Class I MHC molecule to break down. Which of the following best describes how the cell-mediated immune response will be affected?
What level does the mice primarily eat in?
Which of the following is true regarding the cell theory?
Some snakes, like boa constrictors, have small non-functional leg bones near their tail ends. What term best describes the leg bones found in these snakes?
A student is examining an onion root tip cell under a microscope. Based on her observations, the student proposes that the onion root tip cell has completed interphase and is now in the first phase of mitosis. Which of the following pieces of evidence would best support the student’s claim?
What is meant by the term "genetic variation?"
Which symbiotic relationship is described by one individual benefiting and the other being neither harmed nor benefited?
Gametogenesis, or the formation of gametes, occurs when diploid germ cells undergo meiosis. In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), diploid germ cells contain eight chromosomes.
Which of the following correctly describes the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells produced during gametogenesis in fruit flies?
Which of the following correctly describes the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells produced during gametogenesis in fruit flies?
The existence of microorganisms in the human gastric system is an example of:
A group of students are studying flower color inheritance in the garden pea plant (Pisum sativum). They obtain a purple-flowered pea plant of unknown ancestry, allow it to self-pollinate, and collect 60 6060 of its seeds. After planting the seeds, they observe the growth of 42 4242 purple-flowered plants and 18 1818 white-flowered plants.
Which of the following best explains the flower colors seen in the offspring?
Which of the following best explains the flower colors seen in the offspring?
Photosynthesis can be divided into two steps: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Which of the following is true regarding these two steps?
Which correctly places the stages of mitosis in order?
Which of the following describes the common ancestor of all eukaryotes, but not the common ancestor of all organisms?
Which statement is true regarding catabolic pathways?
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
Weeds growing among crop plants can cause significant losses in crop yields. One way that farmers can remove weeds from their fields is through the use of herbicides.
One class of herbicides, the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors, target the enzyme ALS. Normally, the ALS enzyme carries out the first step of valine, leucine, and isoleucine synthesis. However, when a plant’s ALS enzymes are inhibited, the plant cannot make these amino acids and dies.
Which of the following best predicts what will happen to a weed population in a field that is, over time, consistently sprayed with an ALS-inhibiting herbicide?
One class of herbicides, the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors, target the enzyme ALS. Normally, the ALS enzyme carries out the first step of valine, leucine, and isoleucine synthesis. However, when a plant’s ALS enzymes are inhibited, the plant cannot make these amino acids and dies.
Which of the following best predicts what will happen to a weed population in a field that is, over time, consistently sprayed with an ALS-inhibiting herbicide?
The following table indicates the presence or absence of selected traits for a set of animal species. The data about which trait provides the strongest evidence that all of the animal species in the table share a common ancestor?
The following is an excerpt from a scientific paper written by Levy et al.
The plant cell wall is a barrier to virus exit from and entry into cells. Thus, successful infection requires that plant viruses encode movement proteins to transport the viral genome locally cell-to-cell within a leaf and on into the vascular system, through which the virus will systematically invade the plant.
Which of the following best predicts how movement proteins help plant viruses travel from one plant cell to another?
The plant cell wall is a barrier to virus exit from and entry into cells. Thus, successful infection requires that plant viruses encode movement proteins to transport the viral genome locally cell-to-cell within a leaf and on into the vascular system, through which the virus will systematically invade the plant.
Which of the following best predicts how movement proteins help plant viruses travel from one plant cell to another?
Huntington’s disease is a rare inherited disorder caused by an autosomal dominant allele of the huntingtin gene. As individuals with the disease age, their neurons degenerate at an accelerated rate compared to individuals without the disease.
Which of the following pedigrees shows a likely pattern of inheritance in a family with a history of Huntington’s disease?
Which of the following pedigrees shows a likely pattern of inheritance in a family with a history of Huntington’s disease?
Most toxins and poisons like cyanide, nerve gas etc. are non-competitive, irreversible inhibitors of key enzymes and are, therefore, lethal. Which type of molecular interaction is likely responsible for their irreversible binding with the enzyme molecules?
Which of the following choices correctly describes the composition of a ribosome?
Organisms in temperate zones are able to time their activities to cues given by the photoperiod, since:
Which statement is true of enzymes?
Which of the following best describes the above reaction?
A+B+energy ⟶ AB
A+B+energy ⟶ AB
The graph below shows a metabolic pathway. Which of the following does the graph most likely represent?
A genetic mutation causes a snake to have brown skin. After many generations, most of the snake population has the brown skin mutation. Which of the following most likely caused this change?
What is the primary function of cofactors?
Which of the following describes the function of the sodium-potassium pump?
Which answer choice best describes the hind leg bones seen in the modern-day whale?
Which of the following best explains how an individual's evolutionary fitness is measured?
Which of the following is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?
What is true of a competitive inhibitor?
What type of microscope would be most effective for studying a living cell?
Which of the following statements about passive transport is true?
Which of the following is true regarding the proteins involved in facilitated diffusion?